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Guide to Combating Corruption & Fraud in Infrastructure Development Projects

  • Detection
    • Complaints
      • General initial interview questions
      • How to Generate Complaints and Reports
      • List of fraud reporting sites for Multilateral Development Banks
    • Red Flags
      • Red Flags Listed by Project Cycle
      • “Visible red flags” of Implementation Fraud
      • Proactive Fraud Detection Tests
    • Due Diligence
      • “Top Five” Due Diligence Background Checks
      • Free and Subscription Internet Sites
      • Local and On-Site Due Diligence Checks
      • Due Diligence Service Providers
  • Proof
    • Proving Common Schemes
      • Corruption Schemes
      • Bid Rigging Schemes
      • Collusive Bidding Schemes
      • Fraud Schemes
      • The Basic Steps of a Complex Fraud and Corruption Investigation
    • Elements of Proof for Sanctionable Offenses
      • Elements of Proof of Corrupt Practices
      • Elements of Proof of Obstructive Practices
      • Elements of Proof of Coercive Practices
      • Elements of Proof of Collusive Practices
      • Elements of Proof of Fraudulent Practices
  • Evidence
    • The Basics of Evidence for Investigators
  • Prevention
    • Anti-fraud Resources
Home » Proof » Most Common Schemes

Most Common Schemes

Bid Rigging Schemes

Collusive Bidding Schemes

Corruption Schemes

Fraud Schemes

Financial Investigation of the Subject

Potential Scheme: Bribes and Kickbacks

Potential Scheme: Leaking of Bid Information

Potential Scheme: False Statements and Claims

Potential Scheme: Fictitious Contractor (Phantom Vendor)

Potential Scheme: False, Inflated and Duplicate Invoices

Potential Scheme: Change Order Abuse

Potential Scheme: Failure to Meet Contract Specifications

Potential Scheme: Product Substitution

Potential Scheme: Split Purchases

Potential Schemes: Hidden Interests (Conflicts of Interest)

Potential Scheme: Rigged Specifications

Potential Scheme: Unbalanced Bidding

Potential Scheme: Manipulation of Bids

Potential Scheme: Excluding Qualified Bidders

Potential Scheme: Unjustified Sole Source Awards

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Resource Center

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info@iacrc.org

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